In order to analyze the distribution characteristics of soil moisture and salinity at different depths before sowing in cotton field of drip irrigation under film,The paper a lot of samples got by the way of large scale grid in cotton field where cottons were cultivated by use of drip irrigation under film since 1998.It primarily analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of soil moisture and salinity in field. The results showed that before sowing ,in the soil layers of 0~5,5~20, 20~40, 40~60, 60~80 and 80~100cm, the variation coefficient moisture is less than that of corresponding salinity, and both belong to the moderate variability;soil moisture and salinity in each layer generally present low content on surface and high in deep; among the soil layer of 0~100cm,with the increase of depth,the moisture and salinity content show the trend of increase first and that of decrease then;setting ditch of salt drainage can make soil salinity migrate to the direction of salt drainage ditch and improve cotton field.