In order to solve the problem of removal of carbon and nitrogen of rural sewage, the paper used an anaerobic hydrolysis-SNAD process to treat this kind of wastewater with low C/N ratio. The results show that, when the C/N ratio of influent in hydrolysis acidification unit is 2 to 1, the removal efficiency of COD reaches 69%. The main components of VFAs are acetic acid, propionic acid and ethacetic acid.The average contents are 88.4%, 6.5% and 5.1% respectively. Meanwhile the ratio of VFAs and COD reaches 0.74 and the ratio of C/N in effluent is 3 to 5. The hydrolysis acidification unit come into SNAD nitrogen removal unit, through the action of the coupling of partial nitrification, denitrification and anammox, the removal efficiencies of COD and total nitrogen reach 76.7% and 84.1% respectively. The removal ratio of COD and total nitrogen by using anaerobic hydrolysis-SNAD combined process reach 92.8% and 84.1% respectively.