水量平衡模型是目前水文及环境分析中最常用的工具和手段之一,半干旱地区的水文模拟是目前水文科学研究中的难点。以内蒙古地区的锡林河流域为研究对象,开展了考虑融雪的水量平衡模型(Snowmelt-based Water Balance Model, SWBM模型)的拓展性应用研究。结果表明:锡林河流域气候干旱,产流受降水和融雪驱动,流域降水量及实测径流量均呈现弱减少趋势。SWBM模型对对月径流过程具有较好的模拟效果,率定期和检验期的模型效率系数均可超过60%,相对误差小于8%,说明该模型可以用于研究气候变化对半干旱地区的影响评价。
英文摘要:
Water balance model is one of commonly utilized tools and means in hydrological analysis and environmental change assessment, while hydrological modeling for semiarid areas is currently a challenge in hydrology science. Taking Xilinhe River basin, a dry cold basin, locating in the inner mongolia, as a case, a snowmelt-based water balance model (SWBM) was applied and verified. Results indicate that Xilinhe River basin is dry with less precipitation and cold temperature in most of seasons, runoff yielding in the catchment is dominated by both snowmelt and heavy rainfall storm. Both catchment mean precipitation and recorded annual runoff at Xilinhaote station present slight decrease trend. The SWBM model performed well for simulating monthly discharge rates. NSEs in calibration and verification are both beyond 60% while relative error in both periods is less than 8%, witch implied that SWBM could be used in snow-covered cold catchment for hydrological modeling and climate change study.