In view of the possible vibration damage caused by seismic excitation to arc gates, we compared the vibration reduction effect of three tuned mass damper (TMD) structures on the seismic response control of the arc gate in the vibration optimization design. The TMD structures are single TMD (S-TMD), multiple series TMD (M-TMD-Ⅰ) and multiple parallel TMD (M-TMD-Ⅱ). Firstly, a simplified mechanical model equivalent to the actual arc gate was established, and the dynamic governing equations for arc gates with three kinds of vibration reduction structures were constructed based on D’ Alembert’s principle. To optimize the dynamic amplification coefficient, the mass ratio, frequency ratio and damping ratio of each TMD were optimized by genetic algorithm, so as to achieve the best match with the vibration characteristics of the arc gate. Then, ANSYS was used to analyze the dynamic time-history response of the arc gates installed with the optimized vibration damping structures, and to simulate the vibration response of the gates under different seismic waves. The results show that the three TMD structures can effectively reduce the dynamic response of the arc gate under earthquakes, especially the M-TMD-I structure, which has the best damping performance in terms of displacement and acceleration. This study can provide a theoretical basis and practical reference for the vibration control design of arc gates.