The low tensile strength of loess is one of the important causes of the frequent occurrence of hazards in the engineering construction in loess area. Regarding to this problem, the numerical simulation of loess axial fracturing test is carried out using the discrete element program PFC2D, with which the influence of single meso-parameters on the tensile properties of loess is studied by variable-control method, and the sensitivity of each meso-parameter is analyzed by orthogonal test. The results show that the tensile strength of loess decreases logarithmically with the kn/ks ratio of bonding stiffness, and increases linearly with the bonding strength σc and radius multiplier λ. Moreover, The tensile stiffness of loess decreases logarithmically with the kn/ks ratio, and increases linearly with the λ. Furthermore, the radius multiplier has the strongest influence on the tensile strength, the bonding stiffness ratio has the strongest influence on the tensile stiffness, and the particle size ratio r* has the weakest influence on the tensile strength and the tensile stiffness. The study can provide some reference for the selection of meso-parameters in the numerical simulation of loess axial fracturing tests.