A large number of salt lakes distributes in northwest China, and deicing salt is widely used in winter, so the gas-liquid exchange area of the projects in this area is often subjected to the dual effects of dry-wet cycle and carbonization, which makes the affected concrete more prone to reinforcement corrosion than that in general environment. In order to investigate the transport law of chloride ions in aeolian sand concrete under carbonization and dry-wet cycle, chloride ion corrosion experiments were carried out to analyze the content and distribution law of free chloride ions, the diffusion coefficient of chloride ions and the relationship between time dependence and carbonation time. The results showed that carbonation hindered the transport speed of chloride ions to the inner part of the concrete, the longer the carbonation time was, the lower the chloride diffusion coefficient became, so the carbonization played a positive role in the resistance of chloride ion corrosion. In the early stage of the dry-wet cycle, the chloride ion intrusion was accelerated; then in the middle and late stages, the salt crystals formed in the pores filled up the space in the pores, which increased the density of the concrete and prevented the inward intrusion of chloride ions. However, the cracks caused by the crystal stress increased the chloride ion content in the surface layer.