水资源与水工程学报

严子春，卫明明，史登峰.低温下富铁填料对BAF处理效果及细菌群落的影响水资源与水工程学报[J].,2022,33(1):15-21

低温下富铁填料对BAF处理效果及细菌群落的影响

Influence of iron-rich media on BAF treatment effect and bacteria community at low temperatures

DOI：10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2022.01.03

英文关键词:biological aerated filter (BAF) low temperature iron-rich media the number of nitrifying bacteria community diversity

基金项目:甘肃省科技计划项目（20JR2RA002）；国家自然科学基金项目（51568034）

作者	单位
严子春^1,2，卫明明²，史登峰²	（1.甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730070； 2.兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院，甘肃兰州 730070）

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中文摘要:

为探究低温下富铁填料影响曝气生物滤池（BAF）处理效果的微生物机制，通过对比试验考察了使用富铁填料的试验组和未使用富铁填料的对照组中硝化细菌数量和细菌群落的多样性变化。结果表明：温度由14 ℃降为12 ℃时，对照组对COD、NH⁺₄—N、TN和TP的去除率分别减小了4.17%、4.67%、4.87%和10.86%；14 ℃时，试验组对COD、NH⁺₄—N、TN和TP的去除率分别比对照组高2.35%、2.37%、10.86%和52.34%；温度由14 ℃降为12 ℃时，试验组对TN、TP的去除率分别由45.98%和97.74%减小至42.33%和91.55%，比对照组在12 ℃时TN、TP的去除率高12.08%、57.01%，也比对照组在14 ℃时TN、TP的去除率高7.21%、46.15%；14 ℃时，试验组中部生物膜中亚硝化单胞菌目（Nitrosomonadales）、黄单胞菌目（Xanthomonadales）和红环菌目（Rhodocyclales）的丰度比对照组分别高了3.1%、2.3%和2.9%。温度降低使BAF中硝化细菌数量减少，采用富铁填料有利于增加BAF中硝化细菌的数量，并使亚硝化单胞菌目、黄单胞菌目和红环菌目的丰度得到一定的增加，从而减弱了低温对BAF处理效果的不利影响。

英文摘要:

In order to explore the microbial mechanism of treatment effect changes affected by iron-rich media in the biological aerated filter (BAF) at low temperatures, contrast experiment was used to investigate the number of nitrifying bacteria and bacterial community diversity in control group without iron-rich media and experimental group with iron-rich media. The results showed that when the temperature decreased from 14 ℃ to 12 ℃, the removal rate of COD, NH⁺₄—N, TN and TP in the control group decreased by 4.17%, 4.67%, 4.87% and 10.86%, respectively. At 14 ℃, the removal rate of COD, NH⁺₄—N, TN and TP in the experimental group were 2.35%, 2.37%, 10.86% and 52.34% higher than those in the control group. When the temperature decreased from 14 ℃ to 12 ℃, the removal rate of TN and TP in the experimental group decreased from 45.98% and 97.74% to 42.33% and 91.55%, respectively, which were 12.08% and 57.01% higher than those in the control group at 12 ℃, and still 7.21% and 46.15% higher than those in the control group at 14 ℃. At 14 ℃, the abundance of Nitrosomonadales, Xanthomonadales and Rhodocyclales in the middle bioflim of the experimental group were 3.1%, 2.3% and 2.9% higher than those of the control group, respectively. The decrease of the temperature can reduce the number of nitrifying bacteria in BAF, which can be remedied by the use of iron-rich media, because it is beneficial to increasing the number of nitrifying bacteria in BAF, as well as the abundance of Nitrosomonadales, Xanthomonadales and Rhodocyclales. The increase of these bacteria can weaken the adverse influence of low temperature on BAF treatment effect.

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