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李德智, 佟 玲 , 吴宣毅, 马冬青, 杨胜举,王 璐,郑 静.不同滴头流量和灌水频率对玉米产量、耗水及水分利用效率的影响水资源与水工程学报[J].,2020,31(4):208-215
不同滴头流量和灌水频率对玉米产量、耗水及水分利用效率的影响
Effects of different dripper discharge and irrigation frequency on yield, water consumption and water use efficiency of maize
  
DOI:10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2020.04.30
中文关键词:  滴头流量  灌水频率  耗水  产量  水分利用效率  玉米
英文关键词:drip discharge  irrigation frequency  water consumption  yield  water use efficiency  maize
基金项目:国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503125)
作者单位
李德智1,2, 佟 玲1,2 , 吴宣毅1,2, 马冬青1,2, 杨胜举1,2,王 璐1,2,郑 静1,2 (1.中国农业大学 中国农业水问题研究中心 北京 1000832.农业农村部作物高效用水武威科学观测实验站 甘肃 武威 733000) 
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中文摘要:
      针对河西走廊地区水肥利用效率低、膜下滴灌灌水技术参数尚待改进的现状,在河西走廊地区进行了不同灌水技术参数下的玉米田间试验,探究不同灌水技术参数下玉米耗水量、产量及水分利用效率的变化规律,试验设置了不同的滴头流量(2.0、2.5、3.0 L/h)和灌水频率(6、8、10、12、14 d)。通过试验研究发现,玉米耗水量随着灌水频率的降低呈现先增大后减小又增大的趋势,大滴头流量低频灌溉会使耗水量有所增加。耗水量随着滴头流量的增大呈现先增大后减小的趋势。玉米产量和水分利用效率随着灌水频率的降低呈现先增大后减小的趋势,在8~10 d的灌水频率时达到最大值。玉米产量和水分利用效率在2.5 L/h滴头流量下均处于较低水平,水分利用效率随着滴头流量的增大呈现先减小后增大的趋势。因此,在灌水频率较高(6~8 d)或较低(14 d)时,宜选用2.0或2.5 L/h的滴灌带,在中等频率(10~12 d)灌溉时,宜选用3.0 L/h的滴灌带。
英文摘要:
      Water and fertilizer utilization efficiency in Hexi Corridor is low and the technical parameters of drip irrigation under mulch film need to be improved. In view of this situation, maize field experiments under different irrigation technical parameters were carried out in Hexi Corridor area to explore the changing law of yield, water consumption, and water use efficiency. Different dripper discharges (2.0 L/h, 2.5 L/h, and 3.0 L/h) and irrigation frequencies (6 d, 8 d, 10 d, 12 d, and 14 d) were set. According to the experiment results′ it was found that the water consumption of maize showed a trend of increase-decrease-increase with the decrease of irrigation frequency. Low-frequency irrigation with large dripper discharge would increase water consumption. With the increase of the dripper discharge, the water consumption showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing. With the decrease of irrigation frequency, maize yield and water use efficiency increased first and then decreased with the maximum value occurring after 8-10 days′ irrigation. Maize yield and water use efficiency were both at a low level under the 2.5 L/h dripper discharge, and the water use efficiency decreased first and then increased with the increase of the dripper discharge. Therefore, when the irrigation frequency is relatively high (6-8 d) or low (14 d ), the drip irrigation belt of 2.0 L/h or 2.5 L/h should be selected. When irrigating at a medium frequency (10-12 d), the drip irrigation belt of 3.0 L/h should be selected.
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