To better understand the characteristics and sources of chemical composition of urban precipitation in Qinling mountainous area, we collected 40 precipitation samples from January to December, 2018 to analyze the values of pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and the concentration of main ions (F- , Cl-, NO-3, SO42-, NH4+, K+, Na+, Ca2+ and Mg2+). The results showed that the weighted means of pH and EC in the precipitation samples were 6.76 and 34.35 μS/cm respectively. The weighted mean of total ion concentration in the precipitation samples was 452.89 μeq/L, with SO42- and NO-3 as the main anions, which accounted for 59.20% and 31.93% of the total anions in precipitation respectively. On the other hand, NH4+ and Ca2+ were the main cations accounting for 39.21% and 33.87% of the total cations in precipitation respectively. The results of neutralizing factor (NF) indicated that NH4+ and Ca2+ were the dominant neutralization substances. The seasonal variations of ions showed that the concentrations were higher in winter than in summer and autumn. The correlation analysis of chemical composition in the precipitation showed that the correlation coefficients between NH4+ , Ca2+ and SO42-, NO-3 were all greater than 0.7, i.e. NH4NO3, Ca(NO3)2, (NH4)2SO4, CaSO4 and NH4HSO4 existed in the atmosphere of Shangluo. The calculation of enrichment factors indicated that SO42- and NO-3 were most of anthropogenic source, Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ were mainly from the rock weathering of terrigenous source and Cl- was of marine source.