The trend of streamflow and base flow and their distribution pattern and phase characteristics were analyzed in the upper reaches of Beiluo River based on the survey data from 1959 to 2011. The test results can provide some reference for the implementation of soil and water conservation, ecological balance, and the protection and utilization of water resources in the study area. The results showed that the mean annual streamflow for Zhidan, Wuqi, and Liujiahe stations were 37.6, 27.1, and 31.8 mm, respectively. The average proportions of surface flow and baseflow of the three stations were 63.8% and 36.2%, respectively. Both the annual streamflow and surface flow of all three stations showed a significant decreasing trend (P<0.001). The trend of surface flow dominated the reduction of streamflow. The baseflow for Wuqi and Liujiahe Sations showed a significant increasing trend (P<0.01), whereas Zhidan Station showed a stable status. The distribution within a year of streamflow and baseflow showed a “double peak” style. The monthly distribution tended to be uniform and the proportion of streamflow in flood season in annual runoff dropped dramatically over time. The base flow in both winter and spring of the three stations showed a significant increasing trend, whereas it kept stable in summer and autumn. With the implementation of soil and water conservation and ecological restoration, the volume and temporal distribution of streamflow and its components changed greatly and the proportion of the hydrological elements was prone to become reasonable in the catchment from 1959 to 2011.