With the rapid development of China's industrialization and urbanization, the trend of non-agriculturalization of water resources is more obvious. Adopting methods of descriptive statistical analysis and their index, this paper systematically studied the spatial evolution and the regional differences of water resources' non-agriculturization in the 31 provinces of China from 2000 to 2016. Meanwhile, convergence test on the regional differences was performed using convergence testing method from theory of economic growth. The results showed that non-agriculturization of water resources is on wavelike rising trend, and the difference of non-agricultural utilization of water resources among regions is significant, the southern region is higher than the northern region, the eastern and central regions are higher than the western region. The result of the estimate with the panel data showed that there is no obvious σ convergence in China's non-agriculturization of water resources from 2000 to 2016, but there are absolute β convergence and conditional β convergence for both the whole country and each region.