This paper uses the five periods of landsat remote sensing data images form 2006 to 2016 to study the variation characteristics of the Bosten Lake shoreline in time and space and the trend of the Bosten Lake shoreline. The area and perimeter of the Bosten Lake in the studied period were extracted using the water body index to find out the water body of the Bosten Lake, and the shoreline development coefficient, shape complexity and circularity were calculated to characterize the variation characteristics of the shoreline. The results showed that: the shoreline of Bosten Lake showed a staged trend. The area of Bosten Lake shoreline decreased from 990.78 km2 to 902.25 km2 from 2006 to 2013, and then increased from 902.25 km2 to 963.48 km2 from 2013 to 2016. Therefore, the area of the shoreline of the Bosten Lake first reduced and then increased. The perimeter of the Bosten Lake shoreline also changed in stages. It decreased from 325.32 km in 2006 to 269.33 km in 2013, and then increased to 331.93 km in 2016. Spatially, the wetland in the northwest corner of Bosten Lake has changed sharply to the southeast form 2006 to 2011, and has been stable from 2011 to 2016. In addition, there have been periodic changes in the south and southeast corners of Bosten Lake. The feature of shrinking has changed southward from 2013 to 2016 with a large amplitude.