The evaluation index system of water resources management performance was established based on development and utilization, water use efficiency and restriction of pollution. The GC-TOPSIS model was constructed using the combination coefficients determined by game theory, and the water resources management performance of Xi'an City from 2005 to 2016 was evaluated. In addition, the key obstacle indicators were analyzed by an obstacle degree model. The results showed that the overall performance of water resources gradually increased during the 12 years. The performance degree changed from middle level to good, and the trend of single-strategy layer performance and comprehensive performance were basically the same, and both had a good development trend. In terms of obstacle degree, the criterion layer obstacle degree of development and utilization was increasing continuously, which is the main obstacle to the water resource management performance. The criterion layer obstacle degree of water use efficiency and restriction of pollution showed a decreasing trend. In the future, the main obstacle indicators are the rate of change in total water use and per capita daily living water. Cultivating residents' awareness of water saving and open source and expenditure reduction was crucial to the urban water resources management performance improvement.