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胡建强, 赵经华, 马英杰, 杨 磊, 陈凯丽.不同灌水定额对膜下滴灌玉米的生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响水资源与水工程学报[J].,2018,29(5):249-254
不同灌水定额对膜下滴灌玉米的生长、产量及水分利用效率的影响
Effects of different irrigation quota on growth, yield and water use efficiency of drip irrigation maize under mulch
  
DOI:10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2018.05.41
中文关键词:  灌水定额  膜下滴灌  玉米  生理指标  产量  水分利用效率
英文关键词:irrigation quota  drip irrigation under mulch  maize  physiological index  yield  water use efficiency
基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅创新项目(XJEDU02017T004)
作者单位
胡建强1, 赵经华1, 马英杰1, 杨 磊2, 陈凯丽1 (1. 新疆农业大学 水利与土木工程学院 新疆 乌鲁木齐 8300522.阿勒泰地区水利管理处 新疆 阿勒泰 836500) 
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中文摘要:
      探究适宜多砾石砂土地区膜下滴灌玉米高产、高效节水的灌溉制度,针对该地区滴灌玉米缺乏相关灌溉制度的突出问题,采用大田小区对比试验的方法,研究不同灌水定额(300 m3/hm2(W1)、375 m3/hm2(W2)、450 m3/hm2(W3)、525 m3/hm2(W4)、600 m3/hm2(W5))对玉米生理指标、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:提高灌水定额对玉米生理指标有促进作用,能够加速籽粒发育;灌水定额与产量、水分利用效率呈单峰曲线变化,与耗水量呈线性变化。灌水定额大于525 m3/hm2时,对生理指标和产量无显著影响。灌水定额低于450 m3/hm2时,作物生长发育受到抑制,严重影响了产量构成要素,使玉米最终产量受到限制。在W4处理下产量与水分利用效率达到峰值。综合试验分析表明,在多砾石砂土地区选择灌水定额为525 m3/hm2的灌溉制度较适宜。
英文摘要:
      In order to explore the high yield, high efficiency and water saving irrigation system of drip irrigation maize under mulch and solve the severe problem of lacking of related irrigation system in drip irrigation maize in the area of multiple gravel sandy soil, this paper studies the effect of different irrigation quota(300m3/hm2(W1)、375m3/hm2 (W2)、450m3/hm2 (W3)、525 m3/hm2 (W4)、600 m3/hm2 (W5))on physiological index, yield and water use efficiency of maize by means of field plot contrast test. The results showed that increased irrigation quota can promote physiological index of maize and accelerate grain development. Irrigation quota and yield, water use efficiency showed a single peak curve change, and have a linear relationship with water consumption. When irrigation quota was more than 525 m3/hm2, physiological index and yield had no significant influence. When the irrigation norm was less than 450 m3/hm2, the growth and development of crops was inhibited, the yield components were seriously affected, and the final yield of maize was restricted. Under the W4 treatment, the yield and water use efficiency reached the peak. The comprehensive test and analysis showed that the irrigation schedule with irrigation quota of 525 m3/hm2 was more suitable in the multiple gravel sandy soil area.
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