In view of the fact that there is no standard or regulation for the design of groundwater source heat pump pumping wells in Xi'an City, the groundwater source heat pump system of Fenglinjiuxi, a high-tech real estate of Yingbin Road, Xi'an International Port Zone, was taken as an example to simulate groundwater by establishing an indoor physical sand tank model. In the actual operation of the source heat pump, temperature sensors were used to monitor the changes in the internal temperature of the sand tank with changes in the flow rate and the spacing of the wells during the simulation run, and the conclusion was drawn that the simulation distance under the sand trough model was basically the same as the actual safety distance. The feasibility and reliability of the sand trough model are verified. Under the same conditions, the "straight line layout" and "triangular layout" are less prone to thermal breakthrough than the "straight-side layout" and "sector layout".