This paper briefly reviews the progress of water conservancy project in human history and status of global inter-basin water transfer project. According to the principles of gravity flowing water diversion, the nearest distance water diversion, and technique feasible, by employing geographic information system's spatial analysis function, this paper plans and designs nine inter basin water diversion projects in Eurasian Grassland and related Euro-Asia Canal system. Technical analyses were carried out for the key engineering projects. Technical and economic evaluations were carried out for nine water diversion projects. The multiple indirect benefits of water diversion projects and canal system are elaborated. The conclusions are the water diversion projects and canal system project are feasible, China's national strength can bear the huge cost, and the direct and indirect economic benefit of the project is obvious. The project can greatly promote the economic development of countries along the Silk Road, which has great historical and practical significance.