Using the moving average method, the cumulative departure method, the linear trend estimation, and the Mann-Kendall method, the trends and characteristics of precipitation and precipitation days in South of Shaanxi province (SSP) were analyzed for recent 53 years in this research. The result showed that, the inter-annual variation of precipitation in SSP was large with uneven distribution within the year, and it had an overall decreasing trend. The precipitation in southern and southeast of SSP had increasing trends, while the precipitation in other areas had decreasing trends, especially in western area. Precipitation decrease was mainly found in spring and autumn in SSP in recent years. All of the total precipitation days, light rain days, and moderate rain days decreased. Both heavy rain days and storm days changed little. The heavy rain days and storm days had significantly positive correlation to annual precipitation amount, and both were important factors that affected average annual precipitation. Since the new century began, summer precipitation, heavy rain days and storm days have increased, which should attract the attentions of related department on the issue of improving flood prevention warning and rapid-response ability.