Based on the daily precipitation data in the 252 observational stations from 1965 to 2012 in the Yellow River Basin, the temporal-spatial distribution characteristics of annual and daily flood season extreme precipitation were analyzed. The results showed that: the spatial distribution of annual extreme precipitation reduced gradually from southeast to northwest of the Yellow River Basin. There were significant spatial differences in the intensity of annual extreme precipitation in different areas. The region which had the maximum annual extreme precipitation was located in Dawen River of the downstream, and the region which had the minimum annual extreme precipitation was located in Hangjinhouqi and Linhe in inner Mongolia. in the years when there were more extreme precipitation stations, the total annual precipitation tended to be larger in Yellow river basin. During the flood season, the intensity of daily extreme precipitation gradually increased from upstream to downstream in the Yellow River Basin, and it mainly occurred in July and August.