水资源与水工程学报

张浩，刘明喆，缪萍萍，周绪申，郭丽峰，高金强.汛期前后白洋淀主要污染物空间特征及来源分析水资源与水工程学报[J].,2016,27(5):28-31

汛期前后白洋淀主要污染物空间特征及来源分析

Analysis of spatial characteristics and source of main pollutants in Baiyangdian before and after flood season

DOI：10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2016.05.05

英文关键词:Baiyangdian pollutant distribution non-point source pollution flood season

基金项目:国家国际科技合作专项资助项目（2013DFA71340）

作者	单位
张浩^1,2，刘明喆¹，缪萍萍³，周绪申⁴，郭丽峰⁴，高金强³	（1.海河流域水资源保护局，天津 300170； 2.河海大学水文水资源学院，南京 210098；3.海河流域水资源保护科学研究所，天津 300170； 4.海河流域水环境监测中心，天津 300170）

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中文摘要:

为研究白洋淀汛期前后主要污染物变化规律，对白洋淀10个采样点的水质进行了采集和分析。分析的指标包括氨氮（NH₃—N），总磷（TP），化学需氧量（COD），5 d生化需氧量（BOD₅）。汛前,NH₃—N的平均浓度为0.09 mg/L，变化范围为0.01～0.27 mg/L；TP的平均浓度为0.07 mg/L，变化范围为0.04～0.18 mg/L；COD的平均浓度为52.6 mg/L，变化范围为32.8～64.9 mg/L；BOD₅的平均浓度为6.0 mg/L，变化范围为4.9～6.7mg/L。汛后，NH₃—N的平均浓度为0.35 mg/L，变化范围为0.11～0.58 mg/L；TP的平均浓度为0.18 mg/L，变化范围为0.04～0.79 mg/L；COD的平均浓度为33.2 mg/L，变化范围为23.6～47.0 mg/L；BOD₅的平均浓度为3.5 mg/L，变化范围为2.2～5.1mg/L。经过汛期降雨冲淋，淀内NH₃—N和TP大幅升高，COD和BOD₅小幅下降。采用ArcGIS进行空间分析，发现NH₃—N和TP污染严重地区分布在淀内村落周边，由此推断汛后白洋淀内NH₃—N和TP主要由淀区内面源污染物溶淋引发。为了保障汛后白洋淀水质安全，应采取升级淀内污水处理设施、加强农村环境整治等措施。

英文摘要:

In order to study the variation law of main pollutants in Baiyangdian before and after flood season,the paper collected and analyzed the water quality of 10 sampling points. The indicators include NH₃—N, TP, COD, BOD₅. Before flood season, the average concentration of NH₃—N is 0.09 mg/L, and the range of change is 0.01 to 0.27mg/L. The average concentration of TP is 0.07mg/L, and the range is 0.04 to 0.18 mg/L. The average concentration of COD is 52.6mg/L, and the range is 32.8 to 64.9mg/L. The average concentration of BOD₅ is 6.0 mg/L, and the range is 4.9 to 6.7mg/L. After flood season, the average concentration of NH₃—N is 0.35mg/L, and the range is 0.11 to 0.58mg/L. The average concentration of TP is 0.18mg/L, and the range is 0.04 to 0.79mg/L. The average concentration of COD is 33.2mg/L, and the range is 23.6 to 47.0 mg/L. The average concentration of BOD₅ is 3.5mg/L, and the range is 2.2 to 5.1mg/L. After the rainfall, the concentrations of NH₃—N and TP are greatly risen while that of COD and BOD₅ are less fall.The paper used ArcGIS to analyze spatial characteristics. The results show that NH₃—N and TP concentrate in the surrounding villages,which infers that NH₃—N and TP are mainly caused by non-point source pollution.In order to guarantee the safety of water quality of Baiyangdian,it is necessary to upgrade the sewage treatment facility and strength the treament of rural environment.

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