The paper studied the effects of copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) at different concentrations on the growth of microcystis aeruginosa so as to provide the theoretical support for the further control of the eutrophication of water body. The test took BG 11 medium and measured the algal density and cellular chlorophyll a at different concentrations of 3 typical microscale mental elements.The results showed that when the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn is respectively 0.001, 3-12 and 0.05 mg/L ,the maximal growth of microcystis aeruginosa is achieved.The growth of microcystis aeruginosa has a strong correlationship with the utilization of 3 metal elements and its growth situation.Cu, Fe and Zn in different concentration ranges can promote or inhibit the photosynthesis of algae and is the primary influence factors of algae growth. In control of the harmful cyanobacterial bloom in surface water body, it is also an effective approach to regulate the concentrations of microscale metal elements in addition to the regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus.