In order to investigate the influence of precipitation on street dust in Shanghai,the paper took the street dust of six different functional areas at Yangpu district of Shanghai as research object,and used environmental magnetic method to analyze the change of magnetism characteristics of street dust before and after precipitation.It measured the contents of eleven kinds of heavy metal element with ICP-MAS method,and used the enrichment factor method to analyze the enrichment condition of all kinds of heavy metals in the street dust. It analyzed the variation characteristics of street dust's magnetism parameters and element concentrations at different functional areas with the factor of precipitation.The results showed that the street dust pollution in Yangpu district generally has higher level before the rain than that after the rain. Among all magnetic parameters involved, frequency-dependent susceptibility χfd% is the most affected factor.The influence of precipitation on heavy metal element Pb is greater.In different functional areas,the industry and traffic area are more affected by precipitation, and the school area is less affected;degree of enrichment of heavy metal is Pb>As>Cd>Zn≈Mn≈Cr>Cu>Ni>Ca>Mg, some of these heavy metal had been enriched in the environment, such as Pb、Cr、Mn、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Cd et al.The results showed that precipitation has certain influence on magnetic feature and heavy metal content of street dust in city.