The land use/cover change (LUCC) directly represents the influence degree of human activities, and has quite significant effect on the watershed hydrological cycle.Taking Nuomin River Basin as the study area, the paper quantitatively evaluated the response of runoff on land use/cover change by applying the land use data in 1976 and 2000 and combining with the distributed hydrological model, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The results showed that SWAT model is able to better simulate the monthly flows and has certain applicability in the Nuomin river basin;the land use/cover changes mainly showed the decrease of forestry and grassland,and the increase of farmland in 2000 compared with that in 1976,which led to the increase of 17.78% of average annual surface runoff,which also brought the significant spatial variatio, especially in the downstream of basin including Moridawa Daghur Autonomous Banner and Arong Banne, the increase volume is over 20mm. The study has practical significance for the reasonable plan of land use pattern in Nuomin river basin.