The vortex flow which occurs in annulus between rotating inner cylinder and concentric fixed outer cylinder can enhance heat transfer and mass transfer performances of fluid, and has wide application value in engineering fields such as air, water treatment, ecological protection, biotechnology and membrane separation.The paper used fluent software to simulate the vortex flow in annulus between rotating inner cylinder and concentric fixed outer cylinder and feature of heat transfer, and investigated the effect of varying inner cylinder rotating velocities and temperature differences between the two cylinders on heat transfer performances, and analyzed the relation between flow characteristics and heat transfer efficiencies. Results show that Taylor vortices is formed in flow field with the increase of inner cylinder rotating velocity, intensive disturbance increases the density of heat transfer between high temperature face and fluid,and strengthens the efficiency of fluid heat transfer. The increase of temperature difference can also improve heat transfer efficiency of fluid, but the effect of its improvement is less obvious than that of inner cylinder rotating velocity. Due to the influence of Taylor vortices, the distribution of velocity field, temperature field and heat flux density presents a sinusoidal periodic fluctuation along axial direction.The heat transfer performance at the interface between two vicinity vortices is the best and that at the center of vortices is the worst.