Though the analysis of change characteristics of groundwater dynamic in alluvial-pluvial fan zone in front of mountain of Golmud river basin in 2012, the paper got 4 main factors which affect the dynamic change of groundwater in this area such as river, evaporation, reservoir and extraction. In addition, based on the curve of dynamic process of groundwater of typical hole, the dynamic molds of groundwater in alluvial-pluvial fan zone can be divided into 4 types such as hydrological type, radial type, evaporation type, human influence type. On this basis, it discussed the reasonable way of groundwater exploitation in alluvial-pluvial fan zone in Golmud river basin,witch can provide scientific basis for the sustainable development and utilization of water resources.