When floating ice block meets resistance in the process of movement, it will rest against the ice cover or become entrained in the flow. The behaviors of floes rely on the hydrodynamic forces acting on floes. By applying RNG k-ε turbulence model and VOF method, numerical simulation was made to the pressure distribution of the bottom beneath a floating ice block. The comparison between physical model experimental results and numerical simulation results was conducted, and they are in good agreement, which proved that the simulation results are reasonable and reliable. The results of numerical calculation show that the pressure distribution depends on the shape of ice, ice thickness and flow velocity.A ice block with a rounded leading edge has a weaker leading-edge effect compared to the rectangle ice block, and they have the same Venturi effect. Therefore, the magnitude and length of the maximum pressure differential at the leading edge of the round ice block are smaller than the rectangle ice block, but they have the same Venturi pressure. When ice thickness or flow velocity increases, the pressure differential beneath ice block will increase, and the pressure reduction zone will be longer and the pressure recovery rate will be slower.