Based on the analysis of a large number of engineering geological drillings and testing information, the paper studied Jinan downtown within the ring expressway by dividing the area of about 526km2into 5engineering geology divisions. Around rail transit construction that is still in the demonstration phase, the paper studied the suitability of rail transit construction based on whether the subject has impact on flow of the Jinan spring. The results showed that it is not suitable to set rail transit construction in the area of south of Minghu road,east of Shunhe road, north of Wenhua road,and west of Lishan road, because of the significant effects on the Jinan spring. The zone between Jingshi road and Wenhua road is appropriate for rail transit construction as it would has a less extent of impact on the Jinan spring. The other area is suitable to run rail transit construction for the degree of the impact on the Jinan spring is small.