Precise water resources allocation and field management strategies addressing compound agricultural droughts and heat events (CADHEs) are essential for crop growth in Huaibei Plain. This study aims to explore the characteristic trends and underlying driving factors of CADHEs during the heading-to-filling and filling-to-maturity stages of winter wheat, as well as the entire growth period of summer maize in the study area. Standardized temperature and soil moisture indices were used to identify CADHEs, based on the daily mean temperature and 0-100 cm soil moisture data from the Wudaogou Hydrological Experimental Station spanning from 1986 to 2021. The characteristics and trends of CADHEs frequency, intensity, and maximum consecutive days before and after the abrupt change in temperature in 1994 were compared, and the main driving factors of CADHEs changes were identified by Copula function. The results show that the highest frequency of CADHEs occurred during the filling-to-maturity stage of winter wheat and jointing-to-tasseling stage of summer maize, with maximum consecutive days of 13 and 23 d, respectively. The intensity of CADHEs during these two stages was the highest, with numerous extreme values, reaching a maximum of 5.68 and 6.00, respectively. The frequency of CADHEs lasting for a maximum of 5 consecutive days or more was extremely high and continued to increase, with maximum consecutive days of 12 and 21 d, respectively. The variation in the correlation between temperature and soil moisture played a dominant role in the increase of CADHEs, followed by temperature changes. These findings can provide a support for precise water resources allocation and effective field management strategies, as well as guide augmentations in irrigation schemes to address CADHEs risks.