文章摘要
史万恩, 张月珍, 赵 强, 田蓉蓉.土壤密实度对玉米膜下滴灌水分入渗变化及产量的影响Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering[J].,2025,36(1):208-213
土壤密实度对玉米膜下滴灌水分入渗变化及产量的影响
Soil density affects water infiltration and yield of drip-irrigated maize under film mulching
  
DOI:10.11705/j.issn.1672-643X.2025.01.23
中文关键词: 土壤密实度  水分入渗  湿润体特征值  灌水效果  产量  玉米膜下滴灌
英文关键词: soil density  water infiltration  wetted body characteristic value  irrigation effect  yield  maize drip irrigation under film
基金项目:甘肃省科技计划项目(23CXNH0020);国家重点研发计划子课题项目(2023YFD2301103)
Author NameAffiliation
SHI Wanen1,2, ZHANG Yuezhen1,2, ZHAO Qiang1,2, TIAN Rongrong3 (1.甘肃省武威市水利科技推广中心 甘肃 武威 733000 2.甘肃省武威市中心灌溉实验站 甘肃 武威 733000 3.西北农林科技大学 陕西 杨凌 712100) 
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中文摘要:
      为探究土壤密实度对玉米膜下滴灌条件下土壤水分入渗变化及产量的影响,基于大田试验,分析了3种不同土壤密实度(低、中、高)对双点源交汇入渗湿润体形状、体积、空间土壤含水率、玉米产量、水分利用效率(WUE)和灌溉水利用效率(IWUE)的影响。结果表明:在其他条件相同的情况下,土壤密实度是影响双点源滴灌湿润体交汇入渗土壤水分变化及玉米产量的主要因素;随着土壤密实度的增大,水平扩散距离、湿润体体积和交汇界面面积均有所增大,然而,垂向入渗距离和交汇入渗界面处的土壤平均含水率则减小;土壤水分分布均匀度系数(Cu)、玉米产量、WUEIWUE随着土壤密实度的增大先增大后减小,而欧氏距离则呈现先减小后增大的趋势;当土壤密实度为1.564 g/cm3时,各项指标均达到最佳状态,湿润体Cu最大(93.7%),欧氏距离最小(0.09),玉米产量和WUE 、 IWUE均达到最大值,分别为13 796.68 kg/hm2和2.98、4.50 kg/m3;合理控制土壤密实度可以显著提升玉米膜下滴灌技术的应用效果,优化土壤水分管理和提高作物产量及水资源利用效率。研究结果不仅为石羊河流域玉米膜下滴灌技术的应用提供科学依据,也可为高标准农田建设中滴灌工程设计提供重要的实践指导和技术支持。
英文摘要:
      To investigate the effect of soil density on soil water infiltration and yield of drip-irrigated maize under film mulching, field experiments were carried out. The effects of three soil densities on the soil mass under two-point source infiltration were analyzed from aspects of wetted body shape, wetted body volume, spatial soil moisture content, maize yield, water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE). The results show that soil density is the main factor affecting soil moisture change and maize yield when other conditions, such as drip irrigation flow and irrigation time are given. With the increase of soil density, the horizontal diffusion distance, the volume of wetted body and the area of intersection interface all increase; whereas the vertical infiltration distance and the average moisture content of soil at the intersection interface all decrease. Meanwhile, soil water distribution uniformity coefficient (Cu), maize yield, WUE and IWUE all increase first and then decrease; while Euclidean distance decrease first and then increase. When the soil density is 1.564 g/cm3, the wetted body Cu reaches the highest (93.7%), the Euclidean distance become the shortest (0.09), and the maize yield, WUE and IWUE all reaches the highest (13,796.68 kg/hm2, 2.98 kg/m3 and 4.50 kg/m3). The results of this study can provide a strong technical support for the research on improving the application effectiveness of maize drip irrigation under film, and a practical guidance for the design of the drip irrigation project of high-standard farmland construction in Shiyang River Basin.
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