Taking the solution of calcium bicarbonate formed by pesudo-karstification (CFPK) as sand solidification material and the aeolian sand in the Mu Us Desert as the reinforcement object, we conducted a series of chemical tests, mechanical tests, hydraulic tests and microscopic tests to investigate the influence of carbon dioxide pressure and reaction time on the concentration of CFPK solution. Then the engineering performance of sand solidification by CFPK solution was analyzed to reveal the reinforcement mechanism of CFPK. The results show that the concentration of CFPK increases with the increase of carbon dioxide pressure, whereas increases first and then stabilizes with the increase of reaction time. After the reinforcement treatment of CFPK solution, a consolidated layer is formed on the surface of the loose aeolian sand, which strengthens the surface strength, wind erosion resistance and water resistance of the aeolian sand. With the increase of the amount of CFPK solution, the surface strength and wind erosion resistance of the solidified sand gradually increases. The CFPK can decompose among the sand particles to form calcium carbonate that act as cementation and filling agent, by which the aeolian sand can be effectively strengthened.