In order to investigate the influence of super-large complex deep foundation pit excavation on the surrounding environmental deformation, taking the Longhu Finance Island project in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province as an example, the total station meter was used to monitor the supporting pile top, the internal supporting grid columns and the ground surface outside the pit, and the multi-point displacement meter was used to survey the slope of the soil around the supporting pile. And then the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of displacement of surrounding buildings near the foundation pit was analyzed to investigate the coordination of the supporting pile, external soil mass and the foundation pit deformation. The research results show that the settlement and deformation characteristics of the supporting structure and surrounding buildings can be divided into four stages in the excavation process of the foundation pit, namely earthwork excavation, cushion construction, internal support removal and cushion completion. During the earthwork excavation and internal support removal stage, the settlement deformation of the supporting pile top, the internal supporting grid columns and the surrounding ground is large, and the cushion construction has a weakening effect on the foundation pit deformation. In the stages of earthwork excavation, cushion construction and internal support removal, the uneven settlement between adjacent grid columns increases the deformation of the columns. The excavation mainly affects the settlement deformation of the adjacent pipe gallery, which accelerates the deformation of the gallery in the incipient stage of earthwork excavation in particular. Finally, the engineering measures are put forward in view of the problems in the process of foundation pit excavation.