In order to improve the low strength and easy deformation engineering properties of Shanghai clay, xanthan gum and palm silk fiber were added at different mass reinforcement ratios and cured the clay under different curing ages. Through unconfined compressive strength test, we investigated the impacts of xanthan gum and palm silk fiber on compressive strength of Shanghai clay. The results indicated that compared with plain soil, xanthan gum can improve the compressive strength of soil, but also increase the brittleness of soil; palm fiber can improve the compressive strength of soil and improve the ductility of soil. Adding both xanthan gum and palm silk fiber, the compressive strength and ductility of the soil obviously improved. The most suitable reinforcement ratio for compressive strength of soil is 1.5% xanthan gum and 0.75% palm silk fiber.