Snow accumulation is a valuable resource in the Tashkurgan River Basin. Exploring the temporal and spatial changes of snowmelt in the basin and their correlations with meteorology and topography is conducive to improve the development and utilization of its water resources. This study used ArcGIS based on different elevation zones, slopes and aspect directions to interpret snow cover data and CMADS data, and used analysis of variance and Pearson correlation to study the temporal and spatial variation of different elevation zones, slopes and slope snow cover and their correlation with meteorological factors. The results showed that the average temperature, solar radiation and precipitation are the dominant meteorological factors affecting the snow in the Tashkurgan river basin, which are also limited by the topography (elevation, slope, aspect). Snow cover coverage has obvious seasonal differences and monthly differences in various forms. The correlation between snow coverage and meteorological factors is ranked from high to low: average temperature > solar radiation > precipitation > wind speed > relative humidity. There is a significant negative correlation between snow cover and the first three factors above, followed by wind speed and minimum correlation with relative humidity.