Aiming at the problem of high iodine in groundwater and local hyperiodia in Shaanxi province, the Guanzhong Plain in the central and eastern part of Shaanxi Province was taken as the study area. After field investigation and collecting groundwater samples, the analysis of the relevant indexes in the water samples and data processing were carried out. The results showed that the regions including the pirdmont diluvial fans in Lantian county and Meixian county at the northern of Qinling Mountains and the trailing edge of alluvial-diluvial fans in Fengxiang and Qishan county, where the groundwater iodine content is less than 10 μg/L,were considered as low iodine area. It is recommended to provide iodized salt with an iodine content of 18~33 μg/g to the low iodine area. While the iodine content in groundwater of the loess tablelands lying in the west of Wugong county and Zhouzhi county, and Chang'an District and Lintong District and part of the diluvial fan area was 10~300 μg/L, so this region was listed into no iodized salt zone and the content of iodized edible salt there should not exceed 4 μg/g. Between the east of Liquan county and the north of Wei River, the river terrace of Weinan City, Huaxian county and Huayin City and part of Hu Country, the groundwater there mostly contains iodine exceeding 300 μg/L. Hence, we suggested this area to be unfavorable iodized salt zone and supplying non-iodized salt. This study provides reference and theoretical guidance for the partition supply of iodized salt and the prevention of iodine endemic disease in Shaanxi Province.