Based on the data of groundedwater pollution survey,the paper used the method of combining urban anatomy with hydrogeochemical to analyze the distribution feature and influence factor for nitrate of shallow groundwater in Dongsheng and surrounding area.The result showed that the rate of nitrate exceeding groundwater quality standard is 21% in research area.The excessive points mainly locate in older urban area where the groundwater water level is shallow. The nitrate-type of groundwater appears in some places.The Groundwater with high nitrate has the features of high salinity, low pH and low γCa2+/γCl-, γNa+/γCl- and γHCO3-/γCl-. All these features indicate that acidic groundwater wtih worse hydrodynamic conditions, deeper metamorphic and more intense evaporative concentration is conducive to the enrichment of nitrate.The precipitation has dilutive effect on nitrate concentration, but it still depends on the intensity of pollution. The process of urbanization not only produces nitrate contamination, but also forms the water environment condition which is conducive to the formation of nitrate-rich water. To strengthen the management and disposal of pollutants is the key to control nitrate contamination of groundwater in urban areas.