Based on the data of daily precipitation in 6 meteorological stations at loess plateau area of northern Shaanxi from 1959 to 2011, the paper chose six precipitation indexes including rainfall, intensity of rainfall, the maximum rainfall of day, the number of day rainfall, days of moderate rain and heavy rain, and used methods of linear trend, Mann-Kendall abrupt test, and IDW spatial interpolation to analyze the Characteristics of spatial-temporal change of precipitation in loess plateau area of northern Shaanxi in 53 years. Results show that：① the number of day rainfall decreases obviously while the intensity of rainfall increases obviously.Other precipitation indexes decrease insignificantly. Precipitation in the area occurred frequently in 1960s and was shortage in 1990s. ②The intensity of precipitation occured abrupt increase in 1984, while the number of day rainfall happened abrupt decrease in 1980. ③The high value center of intensity of precipitation is in Yan'an, while low value center is in Wuqi. However, the high value center of other indexes is in Luochuan,while the low value center is in Hengshan. Those value center of precipitation indexes show decreased tendency from south to north, which reflect the response to monsoon process. The decrease of number of rainfall day and the increase of intensity of precipitation will lead to soil erosion in loess plateau which can be taken attention.