A layer of calcium carbonate incrustation was deposited on Cu pipe accelerated by electrochemical method in direct drinking water system environment. Combined with chronoamperometry, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS),the paper researched the effects of Ca2+ concentration, surface roughness and deposition time on deposition rate, nucleation mechanism, morphology structure and corrosion resistance. The results showed that the higher the Ca2+ concentration, the sooner the deposition rate, the structure of calcium carbonate is gradually changed from calcite to vaterite. The deposition time shortened and crystal inhomogeneity increased with the increase of surface roughness. The polished Cu has obvious and progressive nucleation mechanism.The surface is gradually all covered by scale with the increase of deposition time.The electrochemical impedance test indicated that the corrosion resistance of Cu pipe decrease first and increase later.