The change of runoff and sediment is the important characterization of health of water source land. Using the runoff data from 1961 to 2011 and sediment load data from 1966 to 2011 of Zhonghe hydrological station river in Songhuaba water source land, the paper utilized concentration degree and time, R/S analysis method to quantitatively analyzed the runoff and sediment load and their annual distribution changes, and theirs future trend Songhuaba water sources land. The results show that the runoff and sediment load showed a downward trend in the past, the continuous drought from 2009 to 2011 lead to sharp decline of runoff and sediment load; The concentration degree of annual sediment load distribution is generally higher than that of runoff,the change trends of concentration degree of annual runoff and sediment load showed downward and upward trend respectively; the runoff and sediment load appear long cycle of 26 and 24 years; average time of concentration of annual runoff and sediment load appear respectively in middle and early August ,and showed ahead of the trend; in the further, the runoff will continue downward trend, but the trend is not strong, the change of sediment load is uncertain; the concentration degree of annual runoff and sediment load distribution will respectively continue upward and downward trend, and the trend of concentration degree of annual sediment load distribution will stronger than that of runoff.