In order to study the risk of groundwater pollution on human health in Yueyang,the paper based on the groundwater pollution status survey data of 2008 and ssessed the potential health risk of groundwater pollution through way of drinking in yueyang city by employing the model for water environmental health risk analysis recommended by U.S.EPA. The results show that the total health risk caused by toxic substances to individual person per year is between 1.34×10-11 a-1 and 2.21×10-4 a-1, average value is 2.02×10-5 a-1 which is less than the maximum acceptable level 5×-5 a-1 recommended by ICRP. The rankings of the total health risk are that phreatic water equals onfined water. Lower health risk, secondary health risk and higher health risk of groundwater in Yueyang city are 38.5%, 2.6% and 5.1% respectively, overall, the health risk of groundwater pollution of Yueyang city is lower. The rankings of health risk from non-carcinogens are fluoride＞Mn＞Fe＞NH3-N＞NO3-N＞Se＞NO2-N＞Hg＞Zn and phreatic water>confined water. Because the total health risk mainly comes from chemical carcinogen As, therefore, stricter governing of As is an effective way to reduce the health risk of groundwater pollution in Yueyang city.