Desalination is the reasonable and reliable approach for solving water resource shortage and improving freshwater support capacity. China has almost 20billion m3of brackish water resources but the majority of this resource are located in the north and northwest areas where subject seriously freshwater shortage. After reviewing the technical merits and shortcomings, application scope and experiences for different brackish water utilization and desalination at home, from the aspects of character of desalination technology, energy supply, numerical simulation assisted technique optimization and digital management, the paper analyzed and summarized the foreign techniques for brackish water desalination, and Finally proposed technical countermeasures and deveopment direction for utilizing valuable brackish groundwater at a more efficient level.