Sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) has unique advantage in wastewater treatment and can degrade organic pollutants with sulfate as electron acceptor in the anaerobic environment.This paper introduced the SRB mechanism for wastewater treatment,summarized the applications of SRB on the treatment of heavy metal wastewater,organic wastewater containing sulfate and acid mine wastewater at home and abroad.At last,the current problems in engineering application are explained.